Facebook upgrade S-1 to describe its mobile faults

As we zero in on D-day, when Facebook is a stock for all to buy into and fiscally dissect, the biggest social network once again amends its S-1 filing for its IPO for the sixth time.

This latest update, filed Wednesday afternoon, to admit that the mobile focus for the company has drastically slowed the pace that the company adds new users and could end up hurting the company revenue in the long run.

Since the original Facebook IPO filing, it has been understood that the company has still been grappling with how to truly monetize its mobile ecosphere since the platform doesn't incorporate Sponsored ads at the same rate as the browser-based platform. Facebook has looked at the news feed to inject its paid advertisements rather than banner or side-bar ads but finding the right combination and testing it has not been as quick of a process as some may wish.

In the latest S-1 filing, the company state that it does "not currently directly generate any meaningful revenue from the use of Facebook mobile products, and our ability to do so successfully is unproven."The filing goes on to point out that "the recent trend of our daily active users (DAUs) increasing more rapidly than the increase in the number of ads delivered. If users increasingly access Facebook mobile products as a substitute for access through personal computers, and if we are unable to successfully implement monetization strategies for our mobile users . . .”

So while Facebook is willing to admit the faults it has in its mobile dvertisements, the company also is posting its expectations that once it finds the right  combination, it will again take off like a rocket. Facebook has started its roadshow for an expected May 18 debut on NASDAQ and is crossing all of its t's and dotting all of its i's in these last few days, as investors pick away at S-1 filings for more details that it wants. One of these areas has clearly been in the mobile realm where everyone has been looing to find new revenue and growth, both of which Facebook has fallen short of and needs to provide better explainations about in order to get all of the money-men on board.

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As Oracle and Google Both Claim Wins within the Java Case, What`s Next?

The jury within the Oracle versus. Google suit came back an incomplete verdict saying Google infringed on Oracle’s Java copyrights. However, as jurors deadlocked around the problem of fair use, the problem of API copyrightability becomes vital.

Since a jury finds for Oracle in the patent and copyright violation situation versus Google, what goes on next?

A California jury came back an incomplete verdict in support of Oracle May 7, discovering that Google did indeed violate the company’s copyrights associated with the Java programming language and effectively stole some APIs to be used within the Android operating-system. However, the findings were possibly great for each side, as verdict leaves several key questions un-answered.

While Oracle won around the copyright claim, the jury discovered that Google only infringed on nine lines of code. Fundamentally from the situation is whether or not APIs are copyrightable And Select Alsup must make that determination inside a decision that may be far-grabbing the program industry.

Numerous companies, including Microsoft, Motorola, Apple, Samsung and lots of other are involved in a continuing number of court cases concerning which of them own patents on a variety of technologies, especially technology associated with mobile phone software and hardware. A choice around the copyrightability of APIs could open the floodgates to more lawsuit.

The jury deadlocked on whether Google could prove fair utilisation of the copyrighted works Fair me is a copyright principle that states that copyrighted material might be freely used if certain things have established yourself or even the use meets certain criteria.

"When the jury had return and stated there is no violation here, that will took proper care of that," stated Bruce Wieder, the Dow Lohnes IP attorney and adjunct professor of law at Georgetown College, told the Houston Chronicle. "Now now you ask ,, how about the defense of fair use? And also the response to that's, we do not be aware of response to that."

The partial verdict states Google infringed the succession, structure and organization of 37 Java APIs by using individuals APIs in Android, based on the jury of 5 males and 7 women. The jury deliberated for any week before coming back the verdict today in U.S. District Court in Bay Area.

Using the mixed verdict, Google lawyers immediately asked for a mistrial saying there may 't be an incomplete verdict on question 1. U.S. District Judge William Alsup, who's managing the situation, stated he'd hear motions around the mistrial and also have that problem taken care of by Thursday, May 10.

“It is really a mixed and not so obvious decision,” stated Al Hilwa, an analyst with IDC. “Much is dependent on which the judge rules and just how the 2 parties react. It is more probably to trigger appeals along with other motions.”

John Rymer, an analyst with Forrester Research, told eWEEK: “I’m no legal scholar, however it appears to become the jury’s decision isn't good news for Oracle. It’s nearly a “worst case” decision: Oracle wins on principle, but does not pressure Google to considerably change its code and/or collect a large financial penalty. I’ve always believed that Oracle required a calculated risk that could reap big enough advantages of the Google suit to pay for that ill will the suit produced among some designers. The verdict from the jury within the copyright situation appears to provide Oracle paltry benefits in return for the developer ill will. This result helps you to cement the vista of Oracle because the large bad corporation attempting to win on the market by squelching innovation by designers. This look at Oracle helps you to drive designers from the organization and potentially from Java.”

Using the jury findings of May 7 alone, Oracle is searching at anything that legal damages, that could be for under $200,000 - far in the a lot more than $1 billion Oracle was searching for.

“I seemed to be struck through the jury’s lack of ability to determine whether Google’s utilization of Java constituted ‘fair use’” Rymer stated. “I question the number of juries could - the question and software precedents defy logic regular folks can understand.

To obtain a large payday out of this situation, Oracle needs to reveal that Google outright stole Java. And fair me is answer to that. The fair use doctrine needs to be shot lower to ensure that Oracle to exhibit that Google willfully infringed on its copyrights and patents. With willful violation, Oracle could be qualified for triple damages from Google. Alsup suggested he thought proof of willful violation by Google was strong earlier within the trial.

Inside a publish about fair use from May 6, Florian Mueller, a specialist on technology patents that has looked at the situation carefully, but who also required a situation like a consultant to Oracle, stated:

    “There's consensus among experts from the Oracle v. Android OsOrEspresso trial the jury has probably recognized infringements but hasn't yet arrived at unanimity on Google's ‘fair use’ defense. Google's counsel was in opposition to an incomplete verdict, although it seems he would now accept one. But he didn't want the judge to request the jury foreman if the election around the remaining question was ‘close.’ Google can most likely figure the evidence for willful violation and against ‘fair use’ has me overwhelmed, but [former Sun Microsystems Boss] Jonathan Schwartz' testimony may have had just a reasonable effect that the minority of jurors does not want to accept to a finding that might be certainly going to lead to Google being found liable.”

Schwartz claimed that Sun’s Java APIs weren't considered proprietary and Google lawyers pointed to some Schwartz blog publish lauding Google for developing Android. However, Scott McNealy, the Boss of Sun just before Schwartz, claimed that Sun did indeed consider its APIs proprietary.

"One concern inside the Java community would be that the 'Java-like' language on Android essentially fragments the Java market, as well as designers to know the variations and nuances between creating a Java application and developing one for Android,” stated Scott Retailers, Boss and founding father of Azul Systems, which supplies solutions that optimize Java for that enterprise.  “We believe in one, unified Java language and runtime and something which runs across all platforms, so in connection with this designers would simply want to see the actual Java be supported on Android.”Meanwhile, both sides released claims concerning the verdict. Oracle stated: “"Oracle, the nine million Java designers, and also the entire Java community thank the jury for his or her verdict within this phase from the situation. The overwhelming evidence shown that Google understood it needed permission which its unauthorized fork of Java in Android shattered Java's central write once run anywhere principle. Every major commercial enterprise -- except Google -- includes a license for Java and keeps compatibility to operate across all computing platforms."

Because of its part, Google stated: "We appreciate the jury's efforts, and realize that fair use and violation are two sides of the identical gold coin. The core problem is whether or not the APIs listed here are copyrightable, and that is for that court to determine. We be prepared to prevail about this problem and Oracle's other claims."

The moment the jury finished entering its partial verdict around the copyright problem, Alsup moved straight to the 2nd phase from the trial to pay attention to patents. Phase three from the trial will cope with damages.The situation, that was heard in federal court in California, fascinated we've got the technology community for many days as Oracle Boss Ray Ellison clashed with Google Boss Ray Page by what company, if any, is the owner of the privileges to Java-among the world’s most broadly used programming languages. The trial also featured a parade of former Sun Microsystems professionals and detailed account of the development of APIs combined with the most popular Android mobile OS.

"It’s vital that you notice that you will find really two separate issues at hands here-the very first is the problem of programming APIs and if they'd like to be copyrighted,” Azul’s Retailers stated. “The second area of the lawsuit is Oracle’s declare that Android infringes on patents held by Sun/Oracle. Around the second area of the lawsuit and Oracle’s patent violation claims, it appears likely because of the insightful patents Sun/Oracle holds in this region that Android infringes on some, and ultimately comes lower to the number of dollars and business credits have to be exchanged to solve the dispute. We're hopeful the end result from the lawsuit may benefit the Java community by preserve just one, unified Java."

However, regardless of the finest of hopes and desires, it's obvious that the jury could be unpredictable as evidenced through the May 7 verdict.

Something About Cables

In any wired LAN environment it becomes necessary to take utmost care while selecting cables for the network setup. Engineers and administrators may select cable types according to the requirements of the LAN setup, budget involved in the infrastructure installation and the scalability of the network. Since cables play important role in any wired network infrastructure it becomes important for the administrators and engineers to select appropriate cable types so as to meet and fulfill the requirements of the organizations.

Any one among the three available types of cables can be used in order to establish a complete wired network infrastructure. The cable types that can be used are:

• Coaxial Cables – These cables are no longer used in any network infrastructure today as they are obsolete. In earlier days these cables were used and they were available in two categories, namely 10Base2 and 10Base5. In these naming conventions, 10 represented the speed in Mbps or Megabits Per Second at which data transferred on the cables which was 10 Mbps, the term Base indicated that the cables were meant to be used for a baseband connection and 2 and 5 at the end of the names represented that the data could travel up to 185 meters and 500 meters respectively at a single cable segment. This means that the distance between two directly connected computers can be up to 185 meters (when using 10Base2) and 500 meters (when using 10Base5) using a single segment of a cable without using any repeater or signal amplifier.
• Twisted Pair Cables – These cables are mostly used nowadays and are preferred by almost all network administrators and engineers in most small, medium and large-scale organizations. Since twisted pair cables are quite cost-effective and easy to install, they are the most demanded cables in any IT oriented organization. Twisted pair cables are further divided into two categories, namely Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) and Shielded Twisted Pair (STP). UTP cables are mostly used in organizations because they are much cheaper as compared to STP cables.
• Fiber Optic Cables – These cable types are the most expensive ones and are mostly used by Internet Service Providers (ISPs). Data in these cables does not flow in the form of current but in the form of light. Because of this reason, the attenuation (tendency of signals getting weak because of resistance) of data signals is highly reduced while using fiber optic cables. Moreover, fiber optic cables allow data to transmit at the distance of 2 KM – 50 KM, depending on the type of cable used. One of the biggest advantages that fiber optic cables have over copper cables is that the data signals that fiber optic cables transmit are not affected by electromagnetic interference (EMI) and therefore fiber optic cables can be installed even near very high electric voltage areas. With the help of fiber optic cables chances of cross-talks are also reduced to almost 0%. Separate types of connectors are used for fiber optic cables which can be hard to crimp. Fiber optic cables cannot be bent for more than 60° during installation as the cables might not transmit the data (which is in the form of light) appropriately in such cases. The reason behind this is that since fiber optic cables have glass coating and the data travels over the cables because of reflection, bending the cables at more than 60° angle might obstruct the transmission of reflected signals.

Naming Conventions Used for UTP Cables

Many times UTP cables are also known by the term Category followed by a specific number that represents the type of that particular UTP cable. For example, Category 5 is a form of UTP cable that is also referred as 100BaseT. Sometimes Category 5 cables are also called Cat 5 cables. Terms like 100BaseT, Category 5 and Cat 5 are used interchangeably.

The above specifications are just an example of one type of cable that is used in LAN environment. There are some more UTP cable categories that are used to establish a complete and efficient wired network setup. Some of the most commonly used UTP cable types are:

• Category 3 or Cat 3 - These types of cables are also referred as 10BaseT cables which means that the cables can transfer data at 10 Mbps on twisted pairs (copper wires) and cables must be used for baseband connections. Data transmitted over 10BaseT cables can travel up to 100 meters without any amplifying device or repeater. These types of cables are no longer in use however central devices that support 10 Mbps LAN ports are still available in the market for backward compatibility. Cat 3 cables are mostly used in physical star topology. Networks that use Cat 3 cables are generally referred as Ethernet networks.
• Category 4 or Cat 4 – These cable types were mostly used in Token Rings in Ring Topologies where data was transmitted at 16 Mbps. Since Token Ring topologies used Ring topologies and the lifespan of Ring Topologies was quite brief, the existence of Cat 4 did not last long.
• Category 5 or Cat 5 – These cable types are also known as 100BaseT which means that the data that the cables transfer is transmitted at the speed of 100 Mbps on baseband connections using twisted pairs. The distance that the data covers on a single segment of Cat 5 cable is 100 meters. The network communication that takes place using Cat 5 is generally referred as Fast Ethernet. In the late 90s and early 2000s Cat 5 cables were mostly in demand and almost every network setup that was established during that period still uses 100BaseT cables.
• Category 5e or Cat 5e – These cable types are considered extended versions of 100BaseT. Both Cat 5 and Cat 5e cable types have identical features but they may vary when it comes to the distance at which the data is transferred. The network communication that takes place over Cat 5e is referred as Fast Ethernet. As mentioned earlier, data travels up to 100 meters over Cat 5 cables whereas the data may travel up 400 meters over Cat 5e cables. The exact distance on the later cable type is yet not defined as there are different specifications and theories given by different experts.
• Category 6 or Cat 6 – These cables are also known as 1000BaseT or Gb Ethernet that allow data to be transferred at the speed of 1000 Mbps or 1 Gbps on baseband connections over twisted pairs of copper cables. The distance at which the data travels on Cat 6 cables is 100 meters per segment. The network communication that takes place over Cat 6 cables is referred as GbEthernet or Gigabit Ethernet. These cable types are getting popular nowadays and almost all newly established wired network setups prefer installing Cat 6 cables for better scalability.

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